Assessment of Medical Waste Management at Zliten Medical Center and Its Impact on Human Health and the Environment

Abstract

This study examines the current medical waste management practices at Zliten Medical Center, evaluating their impact on both public health and the surrounding environment. It systematically analyzes the processes of segregation, collection, transportation, and storage of medical waste while emphasizing the importance of awareness regarding the environmental and health risks associated with improper handling. A descriptive research approach was employed, utilizing statistical analytical methodology and a structured questionnaire for data collection. The study sample encompassed all staff members at the center, including physicians, nurses, administrative personnel, and cleaning workers. A simple random sample of 100 participants was selected, with questionnaires distributed according to job roles and age groups. A total of 82 valid responses were obtained after excluding 18 due to non-compliance with the criteria for data analysis and study objectives. The statistical analysis revealed that all examined factors demonstrated significant statistical relevance (p-value < 0.05), underscoring their critical influence on medical waste management. Furthermore, findings indicate that the overall inefficiencies in waste management exceed 87%, reinforcing the severity of the issue and the urgent need for intervention. Additionally, the study highlights that awareness levels among workers at Zliten Medical Center regarding the risks associated with medical waste were below the required threshold. Among various professions, physicians exhibited the highest awareness levels, while cleaning staff had the lowest. The research also identified the absence of a dedicated medical waste management unit or department, along with a lack of clear policies, laws, or guidelines governing waste management practices within the center. The study underscores the necessity of improving medical waste management to mitigate health and environmental risks. Key recommendations include enhancing awareness among healthcare staff and the public, ensuring the provision of necessary vaccinations for workers, and upgrading infrastructure in accordance with international standards.