Design and Implementation of Grid-Tied Solar PV Systems with Enhanced Efficiency Using MPPT Controllers

Abstract

This study evaluates the performance of a 1.5 MW grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) system integrated with a 25 kV three-phase distribution network. Detailed simulations conducted in MATLAB/Simulink analyze the system’s operational efficiency under dynamic conditions, including variations in solar irradiance and load demand. The PV system, consisting of two arrays rated at 1.5 MW and 500 kW, consistently delivers an output of approximately 2 MW. A Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controller utilizing the Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm enhances the system’s efficiency, achieving 95% tracking accuracy. The integration of the solar PV system significantly improves grid stability, with minimal voltage fluctuations observed during peak load scenarios. Simulation results confirm the robustness of the three-level Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) inverter in maintaining stable DC link and grid voltage profiles. This research demonstrates the feasibility of implementing the proposed grid-tied solar PV system in real-world applications, providing reliable energy delivery and enhancing renewable energy integration into existing grids.