The Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah (Objectives of Islamic Law) in Intelligence and Personal Emotions, and Their Effects on the Development of the Individual and Society

Abstract

This study examines the Sharia-based objectives (maqāṣid) related to intellectual intelligence and emotional stability as two foundational elements in forming a balanced Muslim personality and strengthening social cohesion. Using a maqāṣid-oriented approach, the paper connects scriptural texts to their overarching aims and real-world outcomes, emphasizing the close relationship between these concepts and the five universal necessities of Islamic law especially the preservation of intellect and life alongside the broader goals of purification (tazkiyah), reform (iṣlāḥ), and civilizational flourishing. The study first clarifies the linguistic and technical meanings of maqāṣid and intelligence, then demonstrates how Islamic legislation protects and develops the intellect through promoting knowledge, reflection, and sound reasoning, while prohibiting what undermines rational capacity, such as intoxicants, drugs, sorcery, superstition, and blind imitation. It further analyzes emotional stability as an ethical and legal competence grounded in patience, forbearance, and restraint of anger, supported by Qur’anic and Prophetic guidance. The paper highlights key individual and societal impacts: improved decision-making, psychological well-being, family stability, reduced conflict, stronger communal peace, and more just administrative and judicial conduct, including avoidance of impulsive financial and social actions. The study concludes by recommending contemporary operationalization of these maqāṣid through educational curricula, religious and media discourse, and institutional training programs that cultivate disciplined emotion management and purposeful reasoning in line with Sharia objectives.